Surgical Procedures

Surgical procedures include oral and jaw surgery, pathologies such as cysts on soft tissue or teeth, tumors (apical resection), treatment of broken teeth and jawbone, extraction or shifting of teeth which are buried in the jawbone and the adjustments on the hard and soft tissue to facilitate denture manufacturing when necessary. Regional pain in the jaw-face, temporomandibular joint diseases, and salivary gland diseases are also concerns of jaw surgery. Identification of oral symptoms of various systemic conditions and their treatment are also able to be handled thanks to jaw surgery.

Advanced surgical techniques such as placing implants on the jawbone, and augmentation procedures with bone grafts and membranes are also within the surgical scope of application.

Another field of application in jaw surgery is congenital or contracted jaw-face anomalies. Frequently encountered cleft lip or palate, chewing ability, and esthetic deformation due to prognathism or retrognathism are among such anomalies.

The diagnosis in jawbone surgery is supplemented with apical and panoramic films as well as tomography, thus making it possible to plan for treatment by reaching a definitive preop diagnosis. To be successful in both the diagnosis and the treatment, a multidisciplinary approach has to be adopted including dentistry's other branches, such as orthodontics and dental prosthetics.

Surgical procedures involving oral and jaw diseases are performed under local (regional) anesthesia. Before the surgery, the patient's genuine concerns and present systemic conditions have to be taken into account and the treatment plan must be prepared accordingly.

Types of Surgical Procedures in Dentistry

Tooth Extractions

Tooth extractions are one of the most common surgical procedures in dentistry. Tooth extractions may also be necessary when there is insufficient space in the mouth for all teeth or when wisdom teeth are impacted, or tooth extractions for orthodontic purposes are preferred when space is limited. During a tooth extraction, the dentist will numb the area with local anesthesia and then remove the tooth using special tools.

Implantology

Implantology is a surgical procedure that involves the placement of dental implants. Dental implants are artificial tooth roots that are used to support a dental prosthesis such as a crown, bridge or denture. Implantology is a complex procedure that requires a high level of skill and expertise. It involves the placement of a titanium screw into the jawbone, which then fuses with the bone over time. Once the implant has fused with the bone, a dental prosthesis can be attached to it. Implant procedure is preferred only when the patient's own tooth cannot be saved.

Periodontal Surgeries

Periodontal surgeries are performed to treat gum disease. Gum disease is a common condition that affects many people. It is caused by the buildup of plaque and tartar on the teeth, which can lead to inflammation and infection of the gums. If left untreated, gum disease can lead to tooth loss. Periodontal surgeries are aimed at removing bacteria and plaque from the gums and restoring the health of the gums.

Endodontic Surgeries

Endodontic surgeries are performed to treat problems with the root of the tooth. This can include procedures such as root canal therapy, which is used to treat an infected or inflamed tooth pulp. Endodontic surgeries can also be used to remove a damaged or infected root or to repair a cracked tooth.

Orthognathic Surgery

Orthognathic surgery is a complex surgical procedure that is used to correct problems with the jaw and facial structure. It is often used to treat conditions such as a misaligned bite or a protruding jaw. During the procedure, the surgeon will make cuts in the jawbone and reposition it to improve the alignment of the teeth and jaw.

In conclusion, these are some of the most common types of surgical procedures in dentistry. Each procedure is aimed at restoring oral health and improving the quality of life of patients. If you are experiencing any oral health problems, it is important to consult with a dental professional to determine the best course of treatment.

Pre- and Post-Operative Care

Patient Assessment

Before performing any surgical procedure, it is essential to assess the patient's medical history, current medications, and any allergies. This information helps to identify any potential risks and determine the most appropriate anesthesia and pain management options.

Anesthesia and Pain Management

The use of anesthesia and pain management techniques is crucial to ensuring patient comfort during and after the procedure. Depending on the patient's medical history and the complexity of the surgery, local anesthesia, regional anesthesia, or general anesthesia may be used. Pain management options include prescribed medications and the use of ice packs to reduce swelling and discomfort.

Postoperative Instructions

Providing clear and concise postoperative instructions is essential for successful recovery. Patients should be advised on how to care for the surgical site, including proper oral hygiene practices, dietary restrictions, and when to seek medical attention if complications arise.

Complications and Management

Although rare, complications can occur following dental surgery. These may include bleeding, infection, and nerve damage. It is important to inform patients of the potential risks and provide them with information on how to manage any complications that may arise. This may include prescribing antibiotics, pain medications, or scheduling additional follow-up appointments.

In conclusion, proper pre and post-operative care is essential to ensure successful surgical outcomes and patient satisfaction.